// STARTUP COMPARISON
Carillion vs Hopin
Carillion failed in 2018 due to Unit Economics. Hopin failed in 2023 due to Bad Timing. Different causes, different sectors, different eras — but the same simulation outcome.
| METRIC | 🔥 Carillion | 🔥 Hopin |
|---|---|---|
| Sector | SaaS | SaaS |
| Country | UK | USA |
| Founded | 1999 | 2019 |
| Died | 2018 | 2023 |
| Raised | Public company | $1B |
| Peak | £5.2B revenue · 43,000 employees | $7.75B valuation |
| Primary Cause | Unit Economics | Bad Timing |
// WHY EACH FAILED
🔥 Carillion
Unit Economics
Carillion was the UK's second-largest construction and services company with £5.2B revenue and thousands of government contracts. It carried £1.5B in pension deficits and £900M in debt. Three profit warnings in 2017 exposed structural insolvency. It entered compulsory liquidation in January 2018 — the largest ever UK trading liquidation — leaving 43,000 employees and thousands of subcontractors unpaid.
// LESSON
Revenue is not solvency. A company with £5.2B in revenue and £2.4B in combined pension and debt obligations is not viable — it is a zombie awaiting a trigger event.
Revenue is not solvency. A company with £5.2B in revenue and £2.4B in combined pension and debt obligations is not viable — it is a zombie awaiting a trigger event.
🔥 Hopin
Bad Timing
Hopin, a virtual events platform, raised $1B and reached $7.75B valuation during COVID when all events moved online. When in-person events returned in 2022, Hopin's core use case evaporated. The company sold its Events product to RingCentral in 2023 for approximately $15M — a 99.8% value destruction from its $7.75B peak. The founding CEO had already stepped down.
// LESSON
COVID-only use cases have COVID-only valuations. Hopin's $7.75B was pricing in a world where in-person events never returned. When building during a macro event, model the post-event scenario before setting valuation. A product that only works during a pandemic has a pandemic-length runway.
COVID-only use cases have COVID-only valuations. Hopin's $7.75B was pricing in a world where in-person events never returned. When building during a macro event, model the post-event scenario before setting valuation. A product that only works during a pandemic has a pandemic-length runway.
// EXPLORE FURTHER